Study: Gabapentin May Be Linked to Increased Risk of Dementia

American researchers have reported a possible link between the use of gabapentin and an increased risk of developing dementia. The findings were published in the medical journal *Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine*.

Gabapentin, known under the brand name Neurontin, is commonly used to treat neuropathic pain and epilepsy. The drug is widely prescribed to patients with chronic pain, including lower back pain.

According to The Daily Mail, an analysis of over 26,000 medical records in the United States showed that patients who had been prescribed gabapentin at least six times had a 29% higher risk of developing dementia within 10 years. The risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was 85% higher in this group. Among those who received 12 or more prescriptions, the likelihood of developing dementia increased by 40%.

The most significant changes were observed in the 35 to 49 age group. In this category, the risk of dementia more than doubled, and the incidence of cognitive impairment was three times higher compared to those who took the drug occasionally. No increased risk was observed in people under the age of 35.

The researchers emphasized that the findings do not prove a direct cause-and-effect relationship, but rather show a statistical correlation. However, they urge physicians to closely monitor the cognitive health of patients who are prescribed gabapentin.

Gabapentin affects the neurotransmitter GABA, which helps regulate the activity of nerve cells in the brain. The drug is manufactured by Pfizer.

According to official NHS data, nearly 800,000 patients in the United Kingdom were prescribed gabapentin in 2023/2024. In the United States, more than 8 million prescriptions are issued for the drug each year.

Previous reports indicated that the UK’s Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) had received five notifications of a possible connection between gabapentin and dementia. However, none of these reports confirmed a causal link.

Independent experts stress that the findings require further study. Notably, the research did not account for precise dosages, duration of treatment, or patient lifestyle factors such as physical activity — a known risk factor for dementia.