Large flocks of flamingos have been causing unexpected damage to rice paddies in northern Italy, putting one of the country’s most cherished culinary staples — risotto — at risk.
According to Italian farmers’ associations and local agricultural officials, thousands of flamingos have moved inland, particularly into the Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia regions. These areas are known for producing premium rice varieties such as Vialone Nano and Carnaroli, essential for authentic risotto.
The birds are drawn to the flooded rice paddies, which mimic natural wetlands. While feeding, they uproot young rice plants and damage irrigation infrastructure, leading to significant crop losses.
“They destroy young shoots and puncture the field beds, leaving entire areas unharvestable,” said Giancarlo Baggio, president of a regional agricultural cooperative in Veneto. “It’s a new and serious problem for our farmers.”
Italy is Europe’s leading rice producer, with the northern plains accounting for about 94% of national production. Rice from this region supplies restaurants and consumers across Italy and is widely exported for traditional risotto dishes.
Farmers have reported that ongoing damage could lead to reduced yields and higher prices for high-starch rice varieties. The Italian farmers’ union Coldiretti warned that repeated flamingo invasions might force producers to invest in expensive protective measures, such as nets and sound deterrents.
Experts believe that climate change and changes to coastal ecosystems are pushing flamingos farther inland. Rising sea levels and shifts in lagoon habitats, particularly around Venice, have reduced traditional feeding grounds, forcing the birds to seek new areas.
Flamingos are a protected species under European Union conservation laws. This legal status makes it difficult for farmers to take direct action against them without strict coordination with wildlife authorities.
The conflict between wildlife and agriculture is not new in Italy. In recent years, wild boars, deer, and birds have damaged vineyards, olive groves, and other key crops. The flamingo incursions add to ongoing debates about how to balance environmental protection with agricultural needs.
Italian authorities are now working with farmers to find solutions that protect both wildlife and vital agricultural production.
