Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed into law a comprehensive 20-year strategic partnership treaty with Iran, formalizing a broad alliance between the two nations across economic, military, and political domains. The agreement, initially signed in January by Putin and Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, was ratified by Russia’s State Duma on April 8 and the Federation Council on April 16.
The treaty outlines extensive cooperation in sectors such as defense, energy, finance, transportation, agriculture, science, and culture. It includes provisions for joint military exercises and intelligence sharing but notably stops short of a mutual defense clause, distinguishing it from similar agreements Russia has with other nations.
A key stipulation of the pact is that if either country is attacked, the other will not assist the aggressor. Additionally, both nations have committed to refraining from joining sanctions imposed by third countries against one another and to collaborating on developing an independent payment infrastructure, enhancing arms control efforts, and countering disinformation through media cooperation.
This development comes as the United States, under President Donald Trump, intensifies efforts to negotiate a new nuclear agreement with Iran. The U.S. has been pressuring allies to limit trade with Tehran and has threatened to impose secondary sanctions on countries maintaining close economic ties with Iran.
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The ratification of the Russia-Iran strategic partnership treaty signifies a deepening of ties between the two countries, both of which face significant Western sanctions. It reflects a strategic alignment aimed at countering U.S. influence and fostering a multipolar international order.
