On May 8, 2025, the second day of the papal conclave commenced as 133 cardinal electors from 70 countries reconvened in the Sistine Chapel to select the successor to Pope Francis, who passed away on April 21 at the age of 88.
The conclave began on May 7 with an initial vote that did not yield a new pope, signaled by black smoke — fumata nera—rising from the chapel’s chimney. On the second day, up to four voting rounds were scheduled: two in the morning and two in the afternoon. White smoke—fumata bianca—will indicate a successful election.
To maintain the conclave’s confidentiality, the Vatican has implemented stringent security protocols. Mobile phone services within Vatican City have been deactivated, and signal jammers are in place, except in St. Peter’s Square. Cardinals are prohibited from bringing electronic devices into the conclave and have taken oaths of secrecy, with violations punishable by excommunication.
While no official candidates are declared, several cardinals are considered potential successors:
- Cardinal Pietro Parolin (Italy)
- Cardinal Matteo Zuppi (Italy)
- Cardinal Luis Antonio Tagle (Philippines)
- Cardinal Peter Turkson (Ghana)
- Cardinal Péter Erdő (Hungary)
- Cardinal Pierbattista Pizzaballa (Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem)
The conclave requires a two-thirds majority—89 votes—to elect the new pope.
Crowds have gathered in St. Peter’s Square, awaiting the smoke signals that will announce the election’s outcome. Notably, a flock of seagulls has captured public attention by roosting on the Sistine Chapel’s roof, visible via the Vatican’s livestream.
This conclave is the largest in history, with 133 cardinal electors participating. The process follows the death of Pope Francis, who served for 12 years and was known for his emphasis on humility and social justice.
